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diff --git a/nouns.tex b/nouns.tex new file mode 100644 index 0000000..07ef18b --- /dev/null +++ b/nouns.tex @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ +\begin{lahu-vocab}{Nouns used in the following sections} +\item[spring washer] asdfsdf +\end{lahu-vocab} +Nouns make up the majority of most peoples' vocabulary. They are the `names of things'. \emph{Proper nouns} are a type of noun that identify a unique entity such as `Jehovah'. These are generally capitalised in Lahu as they are in English. + +\section{Number} +To express the idea of more than one noun in Lahu extra words need to be used such as \emph{teˇ hpaˍ}, \emph{teˇ g'ui} and \emph{hui}. + +\begin{examples} +\item +\gll Nuˇ {teˇ hpaˍ} +cow plural +\glt cows +\glend + +\item +\gll Chaw hui +man plural +\glt men +\glend + +\item +\gll Yaˇ {teˇ g'uiˬ} +child plural +\glt children +\glend +\end{examples} + +\section{Gender} +\label{sec:gender} +Gender in Lahu is generally expressed using suffixes, \emph{paˍ} for male and \emph{ma} for female. This is the case for humans and many animals. Some words do not need the suffix to indicate the gender as it is already implied, for example \emph{hawˉ hkaˆ} for \emph{man} and \emph{yaˇ miˇ} for \emph{woman}. + +\begin{examples} +\item +\gll Nuˇ paˍ +cow male +\glt bull +\glend + +\item +\gll nuˇ ma +cow female +\glt cow +\glend + +\item +\gll va paˍ +pig male +\glt boar +\glend + +\item +\gll va ma +pig female +\glt sow +\glend +\end{examples} + +\section{Possession} +\label{sec:possession} +When something \emph{belongs} to someone then the possessive particle `ve' is used \emph{after} the pronoun (or proper noun) and \emph{before} the thing that is possessed. Do not confuse this particle with the particle used with verbs (see section~\ref{sec:verbs}). The possesive particle is more often used with pronouns (see section~\ref{sec:pronouns}) and these are used in the following examples. + +\begin{examples} +\item + \gll {Yawˇ hui} ve hpu. + they (par) money + \glt `Their money.' + \glend +\item + \gll Nawˇ ve li + you (par) book + \glt `your book' + \glend +\end{examples} + +It is often omitted in such expressions as these: + +\begin{examples} +\item +\gll nuˇ hkehˇ +cow manure +\glt cow's manure +\glend +\item +\gll g'aˆ {awˬ mvuh} +chicken feather +\glt chicken's feather +\glend +\end{examples} |
